I'm delighted to welcome back Diana Rubino. She writes about the most interesting historical figures. I knew quite a bit about Aaron Burr but not much about his wife. Diana shares some tidbits about this fascinating woman.
ELIZA JUMEL BURR, VICE QUEEN OF AMERICA
By Diana Rubino
A true rags-to-riches story: how “Bouncin’ Bet Bowen”
George Washington’s daughter, became Eliza Jumel Burr, wife of Vice President
Aaron Burr
and New York City’s wealthiest woman
My passion for history and
travel has taken me to every locale of my books and short stories, set in
Medieval and Renaissance England, Paris, Egypt, the Mediterranean, colonial Virginia,
New England, Washington D.C. and New York. My urban fantasy romance, FAKIN’ IT,
won a Top Pick award from Romantic Times. I’m a member of Romance Writers of
America, the Richard III Society and the Aaron Burr Association. My husband
Chris and I own CostPro, an engineering firm based in Boston. In my spare time,
I bicycle, golf, play my piano, devour books of any genre, and spend as much
time as possible living the dream on my beloved Cape Cod.
Contact me at:
www.dianarubinoauthor.blogspot.com
While researching Hamilton, I
became fascinated with his political nemesis Aaron Burr, which led to Aaron's
last wife Eliza Bowen Jumel. Only a handful of biographies of her exist, so I
learned as much as possible about her from these books and other sources I
found.
She came from the filthy
streets of Providence and wound up owning the grandest mansion in New York
City, which has been Washington’s headquarters during the Revolutionary War and
is open to the public. The urchin Betsy Bowen used her street smarts and
business acumen to become Madame Eliza Jumel Burr, Vice Queen of America. Her
legacy lives on—in the Morris Jumel Mansion of Washington Heights, where her
spirit still lingers, 147 years later.
During her ninety-one years, she begged on
the streets, sold her body, married a rich man, married a former Vice
President, and as New York City’s grand dame, traveled Manhattan in the coach
Napoleon Bonaparte gave her.
Throughout her adventurous and unconventional
life, Eliza’s one regret was that she could not publicly announce that George
Washington was her father. When Eliza was ten years old, her mother told her of
Washington’s visit to Providence. They spent one night together at the home of
Freelove Ballou, an aunt who later adopted Eliza. She was born nine months
later. Her many attempts to reach her father gained her an invitation to Mount
Vernon weeks before his death.
Eliza’s love of
make-believe brought her to Manhattan’s John Street Theatre, where she played
many leading roles. When the theatre was bought by a speculator and torn down,
she “made a living how I could” – at the brothel of Manhattan madam Sally
Marshall, whose ladies entertained senators and other prominent figures.
Eliza met the
charismatic Aaron Burr when he became New York’s Attorney General. While
standing outside Federal Hall after President Washington’s inauguration with
her best friend Susannah Shippen, she caught a flash of dark eyes that sparkled
and caught the sunlight like jewels. Susannah innocently introduced them,
unaware of their instant attraction.
Deeply in love,
Eliza wrote: “Colonel Aaron Burr appeared to me the perfection of manhood
personified. Wherever he went he was petted and caressed by our sex. And yet,
he never took advantage of his position.”
Eliza named her
only son George Washington Bowen, believing Aaron was the father.
While Aaron climbed
the political ladder on his way to the Vice Presidency, Eliza met wealthy wine
merchant Stephen Jumel, a native Frenchman. Knowing Eliza’s heart belonged only
to Aaron, he wooed her and trusted her to invest his capital in Manhattan real
estate. With her shrewd negotiating skills and street smarts, they amassed an
empire.
Eliza Jumel Burr
On Eliza and
Stephen’s first trip to France together, the fallen and beaten Napoleon
Bonaparte boarded Stephen’s brig the Eliza,
seeking an American vessel to ensure
his escape from the British. Stephen,
in all seriousness, offered the Emperor a wine barrel to stow away in. The
Emperor, haughtily put out when he realized Stephen wasn’t joking, accepted
Eliza’s invitation to hide in their New York home, but never made it to the new
world. However, he did give Eliza his yellow coach and other costly gifts, now
on display in the Jumel Mansion. Stephen’s business connections afforded
him and Eliza introduction to the upper echelons of Paris society. She met King Louis XVIII, but
he shunned her begging to let Stephen join court circles.
Back home, she resumed her
love affair with Aaron, whose wife Theodosia had died of cancer. He was now
Vice President, having lost the presidency to Thomas Jefferson. Eliza asked him
to marry her, but he turned down her proposal. He just wasn’t ready for
remarriage.
After the most famous duel in
American history, Aaron fled New York City while Alexander Hamilton lay dying.
When Hamilton died the next day, Aaron was indicted for murder. After four
frantic months, Eliza finally received a letter from him, under an assumed name,
R. King.
Financed by his son-in-law Joseph, he’d bought the rights to a half million
acres in the South. He planned to make it into a new state, settle it with
adventurous pioneer men, attract a slew of colonists and settlers, and make
himself Governor.
His next hurried missive told her that he’d abandoned the entire plan. Why?
He didn’t say. But President Jefferson had filed a formal charge of treason
against Aaron. He was brought to Richmond, Virginia for trial.
He’d gathered so much support and adoration from Richmond, he was wined,
dined and acquitted, with his daughter at his side.
He finally returned to Eliza after finishing out his term as Vice President,
but soon sailed for England. Believing her life with him was over, she dragged
herself back to Stephen and proposed marriage to him—only to be turned down
once again. Determined to become Mrs. Jumel, she faked her impending death with
the help of a loyal servant, a bottle of hot water to raise her temperature,
and white powder to mimic deathly pallor. She called her doctor and had a
stable hand inform Stephen that she was dying. When he rushed to her bedside,
she begged him, “Before I leave this world,
it would mean so much to me if I could leave as Mrs. Jumel.” He summoned a
priest and they were wed even before she received last rites. But of course she
made a miraculous ‘recovery’ and once again, returned to her wheeling and
dealing.
While tending to his
farmlands, Stephen fell from a cart and died in Eliza’s arms two days later.
She was brought up on murder charges which were dropped. A despondent Eliza
once again turned to her true love, Aaron, back in New York at his law
practice.
One evening, Aaron showed up at her doorstep
with a minister in tow, the same Reverend Bogart who’d married him to his first
wife Theodosia fifty years before. He proposed to Eliza on bended knee: “I give you my hand, Madame; my heart has
long been yours.”
She finally became Mrs. Burr at age 56. Aaron was a robust and youthful 78.
He began to
spend Eliza’s money recklessly, plowing through $13,000 within a few months.
The bickering became grounds for divorce when a maid caught him in a
compromising position with another woman. Brokenhearted, Eliza hired a lawyer Who
handled family matters—including divorces. Who was this lawyer? Alexander
Hamilton Jr.
Aaron received the
final papers on September 14, 1836, and died later that day.
Eliza returned home to her family and lived
another 29 years as Mrs. Burr, the name she’d always longed for.
The Morris-Jumel Mansion still stands in
Harlem, New York City and is open to the public. Visit the Morris-Jumel Mansion www.morrisjumel.org
Me on the steps of the Morris-Jumel Mansion
Purchase Eliza Jumel Burr, Vice Queen of the United
States
****
An excerpt from Eliza Jumel
Burr, Vice Queen of the United States:
July 11, 1804, a day I’ll never
forget, a Wednesday, I rose early from fitful sleep. Two of my servants huddled
in the kitchen, murmuring instead of cooking. They held the newspaper wide
open.
When I walked in, they froze as if
turned to stone, and held the paper out to me.
“What is it?” Without fresh coffee I
was half-awake. But seeing the paper, I trembled. My mouth dried up. “Oh, no …”
I hid my eyes with my hands, I couldn’t bear to look.
“M-Miss Eliza …” Mary stammered. “Vice
President Burr shot General Hamilton in a duel.”
Too weak to stand, I grabbed a chair
and sank into it. “He … shot Hamilton?” My head spun, dizzy with relief. But I still didn’t know
about Aaron. “Is he all right? The vice president?”
“We don’t know, ma’am. It just says
General Hamilton was mortally wounded.”
Without another word, I ran down the
hall, threw open the front door, not closing it behind me, and raced to Gold
Street in the gathering morning heat. Humidity soaked my clothes. I mopped
sweat from my face.
I banged on his door. No answer.
“Aaron, open the door, it’s me, please, we need to talk!” I banged again.
Echoes answered me. I stepped back and squinted into the sunlight, shading my
eyes to see the upper windows. Nothing stirred. The house was shut tight. He’d
fled. But where? When would I see my beloved again?
Hamilton died the next day, and the city
fell to its knees in mourning. It was even more pronounced than when Papa
passed – because Hamilton was one of New York’s own.
Public grief over Hamilton paled
beside the anger at Aaron. As I approached Trinity Church for the funeral,
Gertrude’s father Gouverneur Morris greeted me. “I’m to deliver the eulogy. But
indignation mounts to a frenzy already,” he cautioned me, eyeing the mob.
The tolling church bells and muffled
drumbeats echoed through the sweltering city air. I thought of every place
Aaron could be. I knew he hadn’t meant for this to happen. It was a tragic
twist of fate. I also knew Aaron’s political career was over. He’d never be
president.
“Oh, Aaron,” I wailed, “Where are
you, my love?”
****
I heard nothing from him as each
empty day slipped away. Desperate, I wrote to his daughter Theodosia but
received no reply. I contacted his friends, but no one knew his whereabouts.
I saw Mrs Hamilton on Broad Way, head to toe
in widow’s weeds. I wanted to approach her and offer my condolences, but she
knew I was intimate with the vice president, so I kept my distance. Their
country home, The Grange, was not far from the Morris mansion I planned to buy.
We’d be neighbors someday.
****
Read about my ‘ghostly’ visit to the
Morris-Jumel Mansion on my blog
http://dianarubinoauthor.blogspot.com/2009/10/visit-to-eliza-jumels-mansion-in.html
